Every Book Back multiple-choice question from Sustainable Development (12th Standard Geography, Samacheer Kalvi) — each with the correct option highlighted and a clear, worked explanation. Free to read in English and Tamil.
Q1
Who headed the World Commission on Environment and Development?
- A. George Perkins Marsh's
- B. Gro Harlem BrundtlandCorrect
- C. Edward Goldsmith's
- D. Fruitz Schumacher's
Explanation. The World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) was headed by Gro Harlem Brundtland, then Prime Minister of Norway, so it came to be known as the Brundtland Commission.
Q2
Sea level rise is occurring steadily at the rate of ____ per year.
- A. 0.01 to 0.25 centimetre
- B. 0.1 to 0.25 centimetreCorrect
- C. 0.1 to 0.025 centimetre
- D. 1 to 0.25 centimetre
Explanation. Scientists have determined that global sea level has been rising steadily since 1900 at a rate of at least 0.1 to 0.25 centimetre per year.
Q3
Rain water harvesting improves the quality of ____ water.
- A. Sea
- B. Ocean
- C. River
- D. Under groundCorrect
Explanation. Among the needs for rain water harvesting, the lesson says it also improves the quality of underground water through a process called dilution.
Q4
Which is the best strategy to reduce toxic gas emissions?
- A. Public motor transportCorrect
- B. Use private transport
- C. Use of electricity powered cars
- D. Two wheelers can be an alternative
Explanation. Under green driving tips, the best strategy is to reduce the use of automobiles: use public transport. Carpooling and electricity powered cars or two wheelers are named only as alternatives.
Q5
In which year was EIA introduced in India?
- A. 1947
- B. 1950
- C. 1956
- D. 1978Correct
Explanation. EIA was introduced in India in 1978 with respect to river valley projects; Environmental Clearance was made mandatory later, on 27 January 1994.
Q6
Which of the following countries leads in achieving sustainable development goals?
- A. Denmark
- B. SwedenCorrect
- C. Norway
- D. France
Explanation. On the prototype SDG index of Bertelsmann Stiftung and the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, Sweden leads the list, followed by Denmark and Finland.
Q7
Reducing inequality within and among countries falls under which sustainable development goal?
- A. Goal 10Correct
- B. Goal 7
- C. Goal 15
- D. Goal 5
Explanation. Goal 10 is to reduce inequality within and among countries. Goal 5 is gender equality, Goal 7 is energy and Goal 15 is forests and land.
Q8
The United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets are part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted at the UN General Assembly Summit in September 2015 by how many Member States?
- A. 183
- B. 193Correct
- C. 173
- D. 163
Explanation. The 2030 Agenda with its 17 goals and 169 targets was adopted by 193 Member States at the UN General Assembly Summit in September 2015 and came into effect on 1 January 2016.
Q9
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature introduced the term "sustainable development" in
- A. 1990
- B. 1980Correct
- C. 1970
- D. 1960
Explanation. In 1980 the International Union for the Conservation of Nature introduced the term sustainable development, defined as meeting present needs without compromising those of future generations.
Q10
In the Paris Agreement at the COP21 in Paris on 12 December 2015 all countries agreed to work to limit global temperature rise to
- A. Below 2 degrees CelsiusCorrect
- B. Above 2 degrees Celsius
- C. Between 2 degrees Celsius and 4 degrees Celsius
- D. Between 2 degrees Celsius and 6 degrees Celsius
Explanation. Under the Paris Agreement, which entered into force on 4 November 2016, countries agreed to limit global temperature rise to well below 2 degrees Celsius and to strive for 1.5 degrees Celsius.
About these Sustainable Development questions
These are the Book Back multiple-choice questions for Sustainable Development from the Tamil Nadu State Board (Samacheer Kalvi) 12th Standard Geography syllabus. Each question shows the correct option and an original, step-by-step explanation so you understand the method, not just the answer. Use the answer key above to jump to any question, then take the practice test to check yourself under exam-like conditions.
Frequently asked questions
How many MCQs are there in Sustainable Development?
This chapter has 10 book-back multiple-choice questions, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step explanation.
Are these 12th Standard Geography MCQs free to practise online?
Yes. Every question, answer and explanation here is free, and you can also take them as a timed practice test.
Where can I find the Sustainable Development book-back answers?
The correct option for each question is highlighted on this page with a worked explanation, plus a quick answer-key summary at the top.
