Environmental Economics One Mark Online Test

Environmental Economics One Mark Online Test (12th Standard Economics)

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The term environment has been derived from a French word-----------.

A.Environ B.Environs C.Environia D.Envir

The word biotic means environment

A.living B.non-living C.physical D.None of the above

Ecosystem is the smallest unit of

A.Ionosphere B.Lithosphere C.Biosphere D.Mesosphere

Who developed Material Balance Models?

A.Thomas and Picardy B.AlenKneese and R.V. Ayres C.Joan Robinson and J.M. Keynes D.Joseph Stiglitz and Edward Chamberlin

Environmental goods are --------------

A.Market goods B.Non-market goods C.Both D.None of the above

In a pure public good, consumption is -----------------

A.Rival B.Non-rival C.Both D.None of the above

One of the most important market failures is caused by ------------

A.Positive externalities B.Negative externalities C.Both D.None of the above

The common source of outdoor air pollution is caused by combustion processes from the following----------

A.Heating and cooking B.Traditional stoves C.Motor vehicles D.All the above

The major contributor of Carbon monoxide is

A.Automobiles B.Industrial process C.Stationary fuel combustion D.None of the above

Q10

Which one of the following causes global warming?

A.Earth gravitation force B.Oxygen C.Centripetal force D.Increasing temperature

Q11

Which of the following is responsible for protecting humans from harmful ultraviolet rays?

A.UV-A B.UV-C C.Ozone layer D.None of the above

Q12

Global warming also refers to as

A.Ecological change B.Climate Change C.Atmosphere change D.None of the above

Q13

Which of the following is the anticipated effect of Global warming?

A.Rising sea levels B.Changing precipitation C.Expansion of deserts D.All of the above

Q14

The process of nutrient enrichment is termed as

A.Eutrophication B.Limiting nutrients C.Enrichment D.Schistosomiasis

Q15

Primary cause of Soil pollution is ----------------

A.Pest control measures B.Land reclamation C.Agricultural runoff D.Chemical fertilizer

Q16

Which of the following is main cause for deforestation?

A.Timber harvesting industry B.Natural afforestation C.Soil stabilization D.Climate stabilization

Q17

Electronic waste is commonly referred as ----------

A.solid waste B.composite waste C.e-waste D.hospital waste

Q18

Acid rain is one of the consequences of ------------

A.Air pollution B.Water Pollution C.Land pollution D.Noise pollution

Q19

Sustainable Development Goals and targets are to be achieved by -------

A.2020 B.2025 C.2030 D.2050

Q20

Alkali soils are predominantly located in the ------------ plains?

A.Indus-Ganga B.North-Indian C.Gangetic plains D.All the above

Q21

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, which fundamental physical principle underpins the Material Balance Approach developed by Kneese and Ayres?

A.Matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed, meaning mass inputs must equal mass outputs. B.Heat naturally flows from hotter bodies to colder bodies. C.The entropy of an isolated system always increases over time. D.Absolute zero temperature cannot be achieved in a finite number of steps.

Q22

In the algebraic representation of the Material Balance Approach, \(M = G - (R_C + R_P) + (R_{rP} + R_{rC})\), what does the variable \(G\) represent?

A.Total mass of raw materials extracted from nature B.Economic activities of goods and services production C.Recycled residuals from household consumption D.Final residual discharge into the natural world

Q23

Why do pure public goods, such as environmental quality, often suffer from rapid depletion and degradation in a market economy?

A.Because they are highly rival in consumption and allow easy exclusion of non-payers. B.Because their consumption is non-rival and non-excludable, creating a free-rider problem. C.Because they are classified strictly as luxury private goods with high market prices. D.Because the government enforces strict property rights over all natural resources.

Q24

What economic term is used to describe the mutually beneficial relationship where beehives are placed in orchards, helping pollination while bees make honey?

A.Regressive consumption externality B.Reciprocal untraded interdependency C.Negative production externality D.Marginal cost pricing distortion

Q25

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately what percentage of the world's children under the age of 15 breathe polluted air, putting their health and development at serious risk?

A.50% B.75% C.93% D.99%

Q26

Groundwater contamination is a major environmental concern. Which of the following is NOT typically a direct source of groundwater pollution?

A.Leaky landfills and underground storage tanks B.Untreated waste from household septic tanks C.Excessive algal blooms causing eutrophication on the surface of open lakes D.Gasoline and agricultural chemicals seeping into the soil

Q27

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) is most commonly associated with chronic occupational exposure in which of the following industries?

A.Software development and information technology B.Heavy industries like shipbuilding, iron, and steel C.Organic farming and greenhouse agriculture D.Retail trade and commercial banking

Q28

Which greenhouse gas is the single largest contributor to global warming, accounting for approximately 50% of the greenhouse effect?

A.Methane B.Nitrous oxide C.Carbon dioxide D.Chlorofluorocarbons

Q29

According to scientific studies cited in the text, human activities since the industrial revolution have increased the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide by what percentage up to 2016?

A.10% B.25% C.40% D.60%

Q30

When emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide combine with water vapor in the atmosphere, which specific acids are formed to produce acid rain?

A.Carbonic acid and hydrochloric acid B.Sulfurous acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid C.Citric acid and phosphoric acid D.Acetic acid and hydrofluoric acid

Q31

Who defined sustainable development as "an alternative approach that focuses on natural capital assets and suggests that they should not decline through time"?

A.The World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987 B.Pearce, Markandya, and Barbier in 1989 C.Alen Kneese and R.V. Ayres in 1969 D.Sir Edmund Hillary in 1953

Q32

The United Nations has established how many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved globally before 2030?

A.10 Goals B.12 Goals C.17 Goals D.20 Goals

Q33

Nearly what percentage of irrigated land in arid and semi-arid regions faces salinization, leading to the creation of problem soils (alkali, saline, and acid soils)?

A.10 percent B.25 percent C.50 percent D.75 percent

Q34

In India, highly unproductive alkali soils are predominantly located in which major geographic region?

A.The Western Ghats and Deccan Plateau B.The Indo-Gangetic Plains C.The Thar Desert of Rajasthan D.The Coastal Plains of Odisha

Q35

Which concept is defined as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs"?

A.Comprehensive agricultural planning B.Sustainable development C.Traditional industrialization D.Pure market capitalization

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About this Environmental Economics test

This free online practice test covers Environmental Economics from the 12th Standard Economics (Samacheer Kalvi) syllabus. Choose the number of questions and an optional time limit, then answer and submit — everything is checked in your browser, with the correct answers and a worked explanation shown at the end. For the full solutions to every question in this set, see the solved MCQs page.

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