Evolution Practice Test — Class 12 Zoology

12th Standard Zoology — Evolution: Online Practice Test

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The first life on earth originated

A.in air B.on land C.in water D.on mountain

Who published the book "Origin of species by Natural Selection" in 1859?

A.Charles Darwin B.Lamarck C.Weismann D.Hugo de Vries

Which of the following was the contribution of Hugo de Vries?

A.Theory of mutation B.Theory of natural Selection C.Theory of inheritance of acquired characters D.Germplasm theory

The wings of birds and butterflies is an example of

A.Adaptive radiation B.convergent evolution C.divergent evolution D.variation

The phenomenon of "Industrial Melanism" demonstrates

A.Natural selection B.induced mutation C.reproductive isolation D.geographical isolation

Darwin’s finches are an excellent example of

A.connecting links B.seasonal migration C.adaptive radiation D.parasitism

Who proposed the Germplasm theory?

A.Darwin B.August Weismann C.Lamarck D.Alfred Wallace

The age of fossils can be determined by

A.electron microscope B.weighing the fossils C.carbon dating D.analysis of bones

Fossils are generally found in

A.igneous rocks B.metamorphic rocks C.volcanic rocks D.sedimentary rocks

Q10

Evolutionary history of an organism is called

A.ancestry B.ontogeny C.phylogeny D.paleontology

Q11

The golden age of reptiles was

A.Mesozoic era B.Cenozoic era C.Paleozoic era D.Proterozoic era

Q12

Which period was called “Age of fishes”?

A.Permian B.Triassic C.Devonian D.Ordovician

Q13

Modern man belongs to which period?

A.Quaternary B.Cretaceous C.Silurian D.Cambrian

Q14

The Neanderthal man had the brain capacity of

A.650 – 800cc B.1200cc C.900cc D.1400cc

Q15

According to Darwin, the organic evolution is due to

A.Intraspecific competition B.Interspecific competition C.Competition within closely related species. D.Reduced feeding efficiency in one species due to the presence of interfering species.

Q16

A population will not exist in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if

A.Individuals mate selectively B.There are no mutations C.There is no migration D.The population is large

Q17

What is the estimated age of the solar system and Earth according to radiometric dating of meteorites?

A.3.5 to 3.6 billion years B.4.5 to 4.6 billion years C.1.5 to 2.0 billion years D.5.5 to 5.6 billion years

Q18

During which period of the Mesozoic era did the first egg-laying mammals originate?

A.Jurassic B.Cretaceous C.Triassic D.Permian

Q19

Which abiotically produced lipid spheres can spontaneously self-assemble into a bilayer in a solution and maintain a distinct internal chemical environment?

A.Coacervates B.Microspheres C.Liposomes D.Protoviruses

Q20

Which method of fossil dating is utilized to determine the precise age of a fossil by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes?

A.Relative dating B.Absolute dating C.Strata dating D.Morphological dating

Q21

Which organism serves as a transitional stage or connecting link between the phyla Annelida and Arthropoda?

A.Archaeopteryx B.Peripatus C.Platypus D.Ichthyostega

Q22

What term is used to describe the sudden, unexpected appearance of ancestral vestigial organs in a highly evolved organism, such as a human baby born with a tail?

A.Analogous structures B.Atavistic organs C.Homologous structures D.Rudimentary organs

Q23

Who propounded the biogenetic law, summarizing that ontogeny briefly repeats or recapitulates phylogeny?

A.Charles Darwin B.Jean Baptiste de Lamarck C.Ernst Von Haeckel D.Hugo de Vries

Q24

Jean Baptiste de Lamarck published his evolutionary views and principles in which famous book in 1809?

A.The Origin of Species B.Philosophie Zoologique C.Systema Naturae D.The Descent of Man

Q25

What was the main reason dark-winged peppered moths (Biston betularia) became dominant in England after industrialization?

A.They developed resistance to industrial soot and chemical pollutants. B.Lichens grew densely on dark trunks, providing them food. C.Soot-darkened tree trunks and the decline of light lichens allowed them to camouflage. D.High temperatures induced melanic mutations in the moth population.

Q26

Which type of natural selection operates when an environment undergoes gradual changes, shifting the phenotypic peak of a population toward one extreme?

A.Stabilizing selection B.Disruptive selection C.Directional selection D.Centrifugal selection

Q27

Which of the following conditions would prevent a natural population from maintaining Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium?

A.Absence of mutations B.Selective mating among individuals C.Large population size D.Absence of gene migration

Q28

Which fossil ancestor of modern Europeans is famous for its cave paintings, as well as drawing figures on floors and walls?

A.Neanderthal man B.Homo erectus C.Cro-Magnon man D.Australopithecus

Q29

Which of the following is categorized as a post-zygotic isolating mechanism that prevents gene flow between two different species?

A.Seasonal isolation B.Ecological isolation C.Hybrid inviability D.Behavioural isolation

Q30

What type of speciation occurs when biological populations of the same species become geographically isolated from one another by physical barriers like mountains or land separation?

A.Sympatric speciation B.Allopatric speciation C.Parapatric speciation D.Quantum speciation

Q31

Why did the extinction of the Dodo bird of Mauritius Island place the Calvaria tree in imminent danger of coextinction?

A.The Dodo bird was the exclusive pollinator of the Calvaria tree flowers. B.Calvaria tree seeds require the action of stones and digestive juices in the Dodo's gizzard to make their tough endocarp permeable for germination. C.Calvaria trees required the nest debris of Dodos as organic nutrients for seedling growth. D.The Dodo bird protected young Calvaria seedlings from herbivorous insect pests.

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About this Evolution test

This free online practice test covers Evolution from the 12th Standard Zoology (Samacheer Kalvi) syllabus. Choose the number of questions and an optional time limit, then answer and submit — everything is checked in your browser, with the correct answers and a worked explanation shown at the end. For the full solutions to every question in this set, see the solved MCQs page.

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