23 extra multiple-choice questions for Marketing and Marketing Mix (12th Standard Commerce, Samacheer Kalvi), beyond the ones printed in the textbook — each with the correct option highlighted and a clear, worked explanation. Free to read in English and Tamil.
Q1
In which stage of the evolution of marketing did producers concentrate on mass production for profit and care very little about customers?
- A. Barter system
- B. Production orientationCorrect
- C. Consumer orientation
- D. Management orientation
Explanation. In the production orientation stage producers ignored consumer preferences and concentrated on mass production of goods for profit, caring very little about the customers.
Q2
In which stage of evolution was the customer's importance realised only as a means of disposing of goods, with personal selling and large scale sales promotion used as tools to boost sales?
- A. Sales orientation
- B. Marketing orientationCorrect
- C. Consumer orientation
- D. Production orientation
Explanation. In the marketing orientation stage competition became stiff. Customers mattered only as a way to dispose of goods, and personal selling and large scale sales promotion were used to boost sales.
Q3
Arrange the stages of the evolution of marketing in the order given in the lesson.
1) Sales orientation
2) Barter system
3) Consumer orientation
4) Production orientation
5) Management orientation
6) Marketing orientation
- A. 2, 4, 1, 6, 3, 5Correct
- B. 2, 1, 4, 6, 5, 3
- C. 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5
- D. 2, 4, 6, 1, 3, 5
Explanation. The lesson traces six stages: barter system, production orientation, sales orientation, marketing orientation, consumer orientation and finally management orientation, where marketing takes a managerial, co-ordinating role.
Q4
"Marketing is concerned with the people and the activities involved in the flow of goods and services from the producer to the consumer." Who gave this definition?
- A. Jerome McCarthy
- B. Clark and Clark
- C. American Marketing AssociationCorrect
- D. G.B. Giles
Explanation. The lesson quotes this definition of marketing from the American Marketing Association. It stresses the people and activities that move goods and services from producer to consumer.
Q5
According to Baker and Anshen, the end of all marketing activities is
- A. the satisfaction of human wantsCorrect
- B. securing maximum profits
- C. the mass production of goods
- D. the transfer of ownership
Explanation. Baker and Anshen said that the end of all marketing activities is the satisfaction of human wants. Profit is the reward that the business earns through satisfying those wants.
Q6
Which of the following statements about the marketing concept are correct?
1) First create a customer, then create products.
2) Love your products and not the customers.
3) The customer is supreme or king.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 1 and 3 onlyCorrect
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2 and 3
Explanation. The marketing concept says first create a customer and then create products, love your customers and not the products, and treat the customer as supreme. Statement 2 reverses the book's advice.
Q7
G.B. Giles described how many functions of marketing?
- A. Three
- B. Four
- C. Five
- D. SevenCorrect
Explanation. G.B. Giles described seven functions: marketing research, marketing planning, product development, advertisement and sales promotion, selling and distribution, after sale services and public relations.
Q8
Which of the following is not one of the functions of marketing listed by G.B. Giles?
- A. Marketing research
- B. After sale services
- C. Risk bearingCorrect
- D. Public relations
Explanation. Giles's seven functions include marketing research, after sale services and public relations. Risk bearing appears instead among the facilitating functions in the classification of Clark and Clark.
Q9
In the classification of Clark and Clark, the functions of exchange are divided into
- A. transportation, and storage and warehousing
- B. buying and assembling, and sellingCorrect
- C. standardization and grading
- D. financing and risk bearing
Explanation. Exchange is the transfer of goods and services for money's worth. Clark and Clark divide it into buying and assembling, and selling. Transport and storage are functions of physical supply.
Q10
Transportation creates which utility by moving goods from places of plenty to places where they are needed?
- A. Form utility
- B. Time utility
- C. Place utilityCorrect
- D. Possession utility
Explanation. Transport carries goods, materials and men from one place to another. It creates place utility by moving goods from where they are plentiful to where they are needed.
Q11
Assertion (A): Warehouses create time utility.
Reason (R): Warehouses store goods throughout the year and release them as and when they are needed.
- A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of ACorrect
- B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
- C. A is true but R is false
- D. A is false but R is true
Explanation. There is a time gap between production and consumption. By storing goods throughout the year and releasing them when needed, warehouses create time utility, so R explains A.
Q12
Classification of standardized products into certain well defined classes is called
- A. Branding
- B. GradingCorrect
- C. Packing
- D. Pricing
Explanation. Grading means classifying standardized products into certain well defined classes. Standardization comes first and fixes standards based on the intrinsic qualities of a commodity.
Q13
Match the facilitating functions with their meaning.
a) Standardization - 1) Wrapping and crating of goods before distribution
b) Grading - 2) Giving a name or symbol to differentiate a product
c) Branding - 3) Fixing standards based on intrinsic qualities
d) Packing - 4) Classifying standardized products into defined classes
- A. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1Correct
- B. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1
- C. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
- D. a-2, b-4, c-3, d-1
Explanation. Standardization fixes standards on intrinsic qualities, grading classifies standardized products, branding gives a name or symbol to differentiate a product, and packing wraps and crates goods before distribution.
Q14
Time risk, place risk, competition risk and risk of change in demand are dealt with under which group of marketing functions?
- A. Functions of exchange
- B. Functions of physical supply
- C. Facilitating functionsCorrect
- D. Functions listed by G.B. Giles
Explanation. Risk bearing is a facilitating function. The lesson lists time, place, competition and demand change risks, along with natural calamities, human risks and political risks.
Q15
"All the facts, estimates, opinions and other information used in marketing of goods" - this definition of market information was given by
- A. Clark and ClarkCorrect
- B. Baker and Anshen
- C. Jerome McCarthy
- D. American Marketing Association
Explanation. According to Clark and Clark, market information means all the facts, estimates, opinions and other information used in marketing of goods. It is one of the facilitating functions.
Q16
Which marketing decision is described as perhaps the most important, upon which the success or failure of an enterprise largely depends?
- A. Packing
- B. Grading
- C. PricingCorrect
- D. Branding
Explanation. The lesson calls pricing perhaps the most important decision taken by a businessman, since success or failure of the enterprise depends on it, so price is fixed after weighing all relevant factors.
Q17
Who defined the marketing mix as a pack of four sets of variables, namely product, price, promotion and place?
- A. G.B. Giles
- B. Jerome McCarthyCorrect
- C. Clark and Clark
- D. Baker and Anshen
Explanation. Jerome McCarthy defined the marketing mix as four sets of variables: product, price, promotion and place. A firm blends these four to satisfy its target consumers and earn profits.
Q18
Which element of the marketing mix moves products from the place of manufacture to the place of consumption at the right time?
- A. Product
- B. Price
- C. PlaceCorrect
- D. Promotion
Explanation. Even an excellent product at a competitive price is wasted if it is not moved to consumers at the right time. Place, or physical distribution, does this job.
Q19
Which of the following is not shown in the lesson as an advertisement medium?
- A. Internet
- B. Billboard
- C. Magazine
- D. WarehouseCorrect
Explanation. The lesson's advertisement media are internet, television, radio, print, newspaper, billboard and magazine. A warehouse stores goods and creates time utility; it is not an advertising medium.
Q20
Which of the following belongs to the modern marketing mix but not to the traditional marketing mix?
- A. Price
- B. ProcessCorrect
- C. Place
- D. Promotion
Explanation. The traditional marketing mix has product, price, place and promotion. The modern marketing mix shown in the lesson adds people, process, programme and performance.
Q21
According to the lesson, marketing and ________ are the two basic functions of all businesses.
- A. production
- B. innovationCorrect
- C. finance
- D. transportation
Explanation. Under the importance of marketing to individual firms, the lesson states that marketing and innovation are the two basic functions of all businesses, because the world is dynamic.
Q22
Which of the following is listed as an importance of marketing to the individual firm rather than to society?
- A. It removes imbalances of supply by moving surplus to deficit areas
- B. It helps to increase the nation's income
- C. Its marketing section informs top management for decisions on productionCorrect
- D. It helps in increasing the living standard of people
Explanation. For individual firms, the marketing section is the source of information to top management for decisions on production. The other three are listed under importance to society.
Q23
Consider the following statements from the lesson.
1) There is a weekly market for firewood in Karaikudi.
2) There is a weekly market for horses in Andhiyur.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A. 1 onlyCorrect
- B. 2 only
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation. The lesson notes a weekly firewood market in Karaikudi and an annual, not weekly, horse market in Andhiyur in Tamil Nadu. So only statement 1 is correct.
